Posts tagged: d2

What IP Prefixes Measure — And Why 100,000 Is a Big Deal

How the number of IP prefixes an ISP announces reveals the true size of their network.

Unlimited Bandwidth and Unlimited Tokens — They're the Same Lie

How ISPs and LLM providers both sell "unlimited" based on the same oversubscription math.

Transit vs Peering — The Economics of Internet Connectivity

Why some networks pay each other and others exchange traffic for free.

Tier 1 and Tier 2 Networks — The Internet Backbone Hierarchy

How the internet's core networks are classified and why it matters for your connection.

Singtel vs Simba — What You Actually Pay For in a Fibre Plan

Why one ISP costs $42 and another costs $30 for 10Gbps, and what the price difference actually buys you.

SGIX and Internet Exchanges — Where Networks Meet

How the Singapore Internet Exchange keeps local traffic local and why it matters.

Oversubscription and "Unlimited" Marketing — The Hidden Math of Broadband

Why "unlimited" internet isn't unlimited and how ISP math keeps the pipes from bursting.

How Submarine Cables Made Tiny Singapore a Global Internet Hub

Why a city-state of 5.6 million became one of the most connected places on earth.

Hardware Bottlenecks — Why Your Wi-Fi Caps Your Speed, Not Your Plan

Why upgrading to 10Gbps won't make your laptop any faster and what actually limits your throughput.

Auditing Your Internet Connection — What Every Packet Reveals

How to inspect your internet connection from the command line and understand what each hop means.

Debugging GitLab Pages: Hardcoded Paths, HTTPS Domains, and Self-Healing CI/CD

Two issues broke my CI/CD pipeline and HTTPS domain on nurazhar.com: a hardcoded local resume path in the static site generator, and an incomplete GitLab Pages SSL certificate for the custom domain. Here's the forensic breakdown.

Where Your Prompt Goes: Tracing a Packet from Singapore Through Submarine Cables to the API Server

Tracing the full path of an API request from a Singtel fibre connection in Singapore, through GPON, BRAS, and submarine cables to the inference server.

Token Price Collapse and White-Collar Work — The iPhone Moment for Knowledge Labor

Frontier reasoning drops 10-100x by 2029. What happens to analysts, lawyers, accountants, engineers? Detailed phase-by-phase extrapolation with demand elasticity analysis.

Making D2 Diagrams Mobile-Friendly — A Static Site Framework

How we built an automated framework for D2 diagrams on a static blog — auto-fixing v0.6.9 quirks at compile time, scaling SVGs on mobile, and replacing simple diagrams with responsive HTML cards.

GPON Optical Signal Levels and Singtel BRAS Topology

Mapping the full GPON signal path from ONT to OLT to BRAS, with practical dBm thresholds for Singtel fibre broadband.